Karakteristik kolektor surya pelat datar aliran spiral menggunakan metode simulasi cfd
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33292/ost.vol1no1.2021.20Keywords:
Kolektor surya, Pressure drop, Spiral, Serpentine, TemperaturAbstract
Kolektor surya pelat datar sering digunakan dalam memanfaatkan energi surya. Kolektor ini memiliki keuntungan yaitu dapat menyerap dengan baik radiasi matahari. Untuk mengkarakteristik unjuk kerja kolektor surya dapat digunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD). CFD memberikan kemudahan untuk menganalisis karakterisrik aliran fluida. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat karakteristik unjuk kerja termal dan pressure drop kolektor surya pelat datar aliran spiral dan serpentine menggunakan CFD. Langkah-langkah yang dibutuhkan dalam proses simulasi CFD meliputi: desain dan name selection geometri. meshing. pemilihan metode radiasi. pemilihan jenis material dan input kondisi batas. Kemudian proses validitas dilakukan terhadap hasil simulasi dengan cara membandingkan dengan data eksperimen aliran serpentine. Langkah selanjutnya mensimulasikan kolektor surya pelat datar aliran spiral dengan metode CFD kemudian hasilnya dibandingkan dengan hasil data simulasi aliran serpentine. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa untuk jenis aliran spiral setiap kenaikan laju aliran massa sebesar 0.005 kg/s maka temperatur maksimal fluida kerja akan mengalami penurunan sebesar 2°C. Kemudian pada laju aliran massa terbesar yaitu 0.02 kg/s. pressure drop maksimal fluida kerja (air) ialah 1339 Pa. Penggunaan jenis aliran spiral pada kolektor surya pelat datar akan meningkatkan nilai temperatur keluar fluida kerja (Tout) sebesar 3.14 % dan menurunkan temperatur permukaan kolektor sebesar 6.4 % serta pressure drop fluida sebesar 15.08 %.
Flat plate solar collectors are often used in harnessing solar energy. This collector has the advantage of being able to absorb solar radiation well. To characterize the performance of the solar collector. the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) method can be used in the present study. CFD provides benefits for analyzing fluid flow characteristics. The purpose of this research is to characterize the thermal performance and pressure drop of spiral and serpentine tube solar collectors using the CFD method. The steps required in the CFD simulation process include the design and selection of geometry names. meshing. radiation planning. selection of material types and input conditions of boundary conditions. Then the validity process is carried out and compared to those obtained from experimental data. The next step is to simulate for both the thermal performance and pressure drop of spiral and serpentine flow solar collectors flat using the CFD method. In comparison with the serpentine flow type. the use of the spiral flow type on the flat plate solar collector will increase the value of the outlet working fluid temperature (Tout) by 3.14%. Otherwise. the use of the spiral flow type will reduce collector surface temperature by about 6.4 % respectively and the pressure drop of working fluid by about 15.08%.
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