Investigasi awal karakteristik perpindahan panas rotary dryer dengan sistem ruang vakum bersirip

Authors

  • Hadi Prayitno Universitas Lampung, Indonesia
  • Angga Darma Prabowo Universitas Lampung, Indonesia
  • Angelia Eka Salsabillah Universitas Lampung, Indonesia
  • Rizal Khairudin Universitas Lampung, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33292/ost.vol1no1.2021.14

Keywords:

Bersirip, Pengeringan, Rotary dryer, Vakum

Abstract

Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi biaya penyediaan energi panas adalah menggunakan energi matahari. Namun, energi matahari sangat bergantung pada cuaca yang sulit dikontrol oleh manusia. Oven menjadi solusi utama dalam industri yang beroperasi secara kontinu.Salah satu perkembangan teknologi oven adalah sistem rotary dryer yang memiliki pengeringan lebih merata. Namun, sistem tersebut masih mengkonsumsi energi panas yang besar. Konsumsi energi yang besar dapat direduksi dengan mengurangi tekanan ruang pengering hingga lebih kecil dari tekanan atmosfer (tekanan vakum) yang berakibat pada penurunan titik didih air. Dengan demikian, kandungan air dalam produk dapat menguap pada temperatur yang lebih rendah. Densitas udara pada kondisi vakum lebih kecil dibanding kondisi atmosfer. Menurunnya densitas udara menyebabkan jumlah energi panas yang dibutuhkan untuk menaikkan temperatur udara lebih sedikit. Investigasi awal karakteristik laju perpindahan panas transien pada rotary dryer bersirip dilakukan dengan studi numerik. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan waktu yang dibutuhkan sebesar 30.33 detik untuk menaikkan temperatur produk dari temperatur lingkungan hingga mendekati temperatur dinding ruang pengering pada tekanan 10 KPa, dan 47,67 detik pada tekanan 50 KPa, selanjutnya 81 detik pada tekanan 1 atmosfer. Dengan demikian, ruang vakum berputar dapat mempercepat waktu pemanasan dan layak dilanjutkan dengan studi eksperimental.

One of the efforts to reduce the cost of providing heat energy is to use solar energy. However, solar energy is highly dependent on the weather, which is difficult for humans to control. Ovens are the leading solution in industries that operate continuously. One of the developments in oven technology is the rotary dryer system which has more even drying. However, the system still consumes a large amount of heat energy. Large energy consumption can be reduced by reducing the drying chamber pressure to less than atmospheric pressure (vacuum pressure), resulting in a decrease in the boiling point of water. Thus, the water content in the product can evaporate at lower temperatures. The density of air under vacuum conditions is smaller than atmospheric conditions. The decrease in air density causes the amount of heat energy needed to raise the air temperature less. Numerical studies carried out initial investigations of the transient heat transfer rate characteristics in fin rotary dryers. The results obtained show that the time needed is 30.33 seconds to raise the product temperature from ambient temperature to close to the drying room wall temperature at a pressure of 10 KPa, 47.67 seconds at a pressure of 50 KPa, and 81 seconds at a pressure of 1 atmosphere. Thus, a rotating vacuum chamber can speed up drying time and is worth continuing with experimental studies.

Author Biographies

Hadi Prayitno, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia

Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia

Angga Darma Prabowo, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia

Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia

Angelia Eka Salsabillah, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia

Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia

Rizal Khairudin, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia

Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia

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Published

2021-04-27

How to Cite

Prayitno, H., Prabowo, A. D. ., Salsabillah, A. E. ., & Khairudin, R. (2021). Investigasi awal karakteristik perpindahan panas rotary dryer dengan sistem ruang vakum bersirip. Open Science and Technology, 1(1), 121–128. https://doi.org/10.33292/ost.vol1no1.2021.14